Convict Tang

Acanthurus triostegus 

Habitat & Distribution :  Indo-Pacific Ocean 

Diet : Algae 

Size : 27 cm 

Lifespan : 5-10 years

Description

They are named after the six thick black stripes that looks like the classic inmate's uniform, on its yellowish-white body that flattens at the sides. 

Behavior

They are generally found in lagoons, reef slopes, bays, and hard-bottomed estuaries. They feed on algae on rocks near freshwater outflows in large groups. These fish spawn in large schools, attracting eagle rays, which wait to prey on the eggs. 

Reproduction

They're pelagic broadcast spawners that reproduce in large groups, often numbering thousands, typically around dusk. They migrate to reef edges, where they release eggs and sperm into the water column. Eggs hatch within 24–28 hours 

Communication & Perception

It uses a combination of visual signals and behavioral displays to communicate, particularly regarding territory, social status, and defense. As a member of the Acanthuridae family, they often use rapid changes in skin pigmentation to signal dominance or stress. 

Predator(s)

Moray eels, lionfish, reef sharks, barracudas and other larger predatory fish